Lesson 03 / Lower Body Muscles

Lower Body Muscles

Learn the major muscle groups of the hips, thighs, legs, and feet that support the body's weight and power walking and running.

Hips and thighs

The gluteal muscles extend and stabilize the hip, while the large muscles of the thigh — the quadriceps in front and the hamstrings behind — work as an opposing pair to extend and flex the knee.

Posterior view of the muscles of the human body

The muscles of the back of the body

This posterior view shows the gluteal muscles, hamstrings, and calf muscles that power hip extension, knee flexion, and ankle movement.

01 / HIP

Gluteus maximus

The body's largest muscle extends and laterally rotates the hip during walking, running, and climbing.

02 / FRONT THIGH

Quadriceps femoris

This group of four muscles on the front of the thigh works together to extend the knee.

03 / BACK THIGH

Hamstrings

The hamstring muscles on the back of the thigh flex the knee and help extend the hip.

04 / LOWER LEG

Gastrocnemius & soleus

These calf muscles plantar-flex the ankle, lifting the heel during walking and running.

Legs and feet

Below the knee, the gastrocnemius and soleus form the calf and work together to lift the heel during walking and running, while dozens of small intrinsic muscles in the foot fine-tune balance and support the arches.

Gluteal muscles
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Calf muscles

Built to carry the body's weight

Because they support body weight and generate the force for walking, running, and jumping, lower-body muscles tend to be larger and more powerful than their upper-body counterparts.

KEY IDEA

Lower body muscles carry the body's full weight.

Every step relies on the hip, thigh, and calf muscles working together to support body weight while propelling the body forward.

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